Indians account for a quarter of adult diabetics in the world: Lancet study | Latest News India

Nearly a quarter of the 828 million adults living with type 1 or type 2 diabetes worldwide are in India, according to a paper published Wednesday in The Lancet.

According to the report, apart from 212 million patients in India, other countries with high disease burden include China with 148 million adults; It is followed by the USA (42 million), Pakistan (36 million), Indonesia (25 million) and Brazil (22 million). in question.

The report highlighted a lack of access to treatment, with 445 million adults (59%) aged 30 and over globally being deprived of appropriate care by 2022. The number of such adults in India was 133 million; This corresponds to a staggering figure of 30%. diabetic patients living without treatment

Researchers compared data from 1990 to 2022 and found that the current prevalence is at least four times that in 1990, while the number of people living without treatment is three and a half times that in 1990.

“Our study highlights widening global inequalities in diabetes, with treatment rates remaining stable in many low- and middle-income countries where the number of adults with diabetes has increased substantially. People with diabetes tend to be younger in low-income countries and, in the absence of effective treatment, may suffer from amputation, heart disease, kidney damage or This is particularly concerning because they are at risk of lifelong complications such as vision loss or, in some cases, premature death,” said senior author Majid Ezzati of Imperial College London in a statement.

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The study, conducted by the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO), is the first global analysis of trends in both diabetes rates and treatment covering all countries. The researchers used data from more than 140 million people aged 18 and over from more than 1,000 studies in populations across different countries.

From 1990 to 2022, global diabetes rates have doubled in both men (from 6.8% in 1990 to 14.3% in 2022) and women (from 6.9% to 13.9%). doubled. With the added impact of population growth and aging, this means an estimated 828 million adults will have diabetes in 2022; This represents an increase of approximately 630 million from 1990, when roughly 198 million adults were estimated to have diabetes.

The countries with the lowest diabetes rates in 2022 were Western Europe and East Africa for both genders, and Japan and Canada for women. For example, diabetes rates in 2022 were as low as 2-4% for women in France, Denmark, Spain, Switzerland and Sweden, and as low as 3-5% for men in Denmark, France, Uganda, Kenya, Malawi, Spain and Sweden. Rwanda.

In contrast, the countries with the highest rates of diabetes, where 25% or more of the population in both men and women had diabetes, were Pacific island nations and countries in the Caribbean, Middle East and North Africa, according to the article. As well as Pakistan and Malaysia. Among high-income industrialized countries, diabetes rates in 2022 were highest in the United States (11.4% in women and 13.6% in men).

Researchers have attributed the increase in type 2 diabetes rates and its variation across countries to obesity and poor nutrition. In some regions where obesity existed or became widespread between 1990 and 2022, the rate of diabetes was already high or had increased further, especially compared to many high-income countries in the Pacific and Western Europe where obesity and diabetes were common in general. rates did not rise or increased by a relatively small amount.

“Given the crippling and potentially fatal consequences of diabetes, preventing diabetes through healthy diet and exercise is essential for better health around the world. Our findings are particularly important in low-income regions of the world, where people restrict unhealthy foods, make healthy foods affordable, and promote healthy foods.” Dr Ranjit Mohan Anjana, from the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation in India, emphasizes the need for more ambitious policies that increase exercise opportunities through measures such as subsidies and free healthy school meals. “Promoting safe places to walk and exercise, including free access to centres,” he said.

Three-fifths (59%) of adults with diabetes aged 30 and over, totaling 445 million people, were not taking medication for diabetes in 2022; this was three and a half times the figure in 1990 (129 million).

Since 1990, many countries in Central and Western Europe, Latin America, East Asia and the Pacific, as well as some countries, including Canada and South Korea, have seen major improvements in diabetes treatment rates, resulting in more than 55% of people with diabetes It caused him to become diabetic. These countries will receive treatment in 2022. The highest treatment rates are estimated to be in Belgium, at 86% for women and 77% for men.

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However, for many low- and middle-income countries, diabetes treatment coverage has remained low and has changed little over the past three decades; In both 1990 and 2022, in some countries more than 90% of people with diabetes remained untreated.

As a result of these trends, the gap between countries with the highest and lowest treatment coverage for diabetes widened from 1990 to 2022; from 56 to 78 percent for women and from 43 to 71 percent for men.

“Our findings show that the proportion of people with diabetes, particularly those with untreated diabetes, living in low- and middle-income countries is increasing. In some sub-Saharan African countries, only 5-10% of adults with diabetes were treated for diabetes in 2022, leaving many at risk of serious health complications.” “It caused him to be confronted,” said Jean Claude Mbanya from the University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon.

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In 2022, almost a third (133 million, 30%) of the 445 million adults aged 30 and over with untreated diabetes lived in India; this was 50% higher than the second largest number in China (78 million) without treatment. In China, coverage was higher (45% for women and 41% for men) than in India (28% for women and 29% for men). Similarly, the two countries with the highest number of untreated diabetes, Pakistan (24 million) and Indonesia (18 million), surpass the United States (13 million), which has higher treatment coverage (65% for women and 67% for men). left. .

“The majority of people with untreated diabetes will go undiagnosed, so increasing diabetes detection in countries where treatment levels are low should be an urgent priority. Better diagnosis of diabetes, workplace and community screening programmes, extended or flexible health services that will allow people to visit outside standard working hours It requires innovations such as service hours, integration with well-established screening and care services such as HIV/AIDS and TB, and the use of trusted community healthcare providers,” Mbanya added.