PGI Chandigarh experts say high screen time makes children irritable and affects class scores

Experts at the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, say the significant increase in behavioral and developmental problems in children due to excessive screen time is cause for concern.

Experts from various departments, including psychiatry and ear, nose and throat (ENT), have reported an increasing number of cases of irritability, aggression, speech delay and even autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially in children under 16 years of age.

According to a study conducted by PGIMER in 2021, the prevalence of screen time in children aged 2-5 is around 59.5%, and physical activity has been reported to decrease in this group.

A professor from the department of otolaryngology at PGIMER highlighted that cases of speech delay, limited language skills and autism have increased sharply over the years.

Behavioral and developmental problems are increasing

Doctors at the psychiatry outpatient department (OPD) of PGIMER state that 70-75% of children under the age of 8 who attend the clinic are reported to have behavioral problems.

These include irritability, aggression, and poor academic performance resulting from excessive use of mobile phones, gaming platforms, and social media.

“Children today spend more time watching social media and gaming platforms, which not only affects their academic performance but also reduces physical activity. Dr. Nidhi Chauhan, assistant professor in the department of psychiatry, said, “Many of these children show more irritability and aggression compared to their peers. “It shows,” he said.

The doctor said that problems such as online gambling through various games also arise in the adolescent age group and cause financial difficulties in families.

The Psychiatric OPD alone reported 40-45 cases per day in children under 18, including both new and follow-up cases; He added that excessive screen time is a common factor in many of these.

Impact on speech and social development

Prof Sanjay Munjal from PGI Ear Nose and Throat Department explained that long-term screen use leads to one-way communication and this prevents speech development in children.

“Speech development requires two-way interaction, but diminished social interactions and excessive tool use are depriving young children of this essential stimulation during their formative years,” he said.

Many children are referred to the ENT department after the initial diagnosis made by pediatricians or psychiatrists. Cases often involve children ages 1 to 6 who rely on gestures rather than verbal communication to express their needs.

The problem is exacerbated by the weakening of joint family systems and the increasing number of working parents. Parents often resort to giving their children a cell phone or tablet for convenience, unknowingly contributing to speech delays and decreased social engagement.

Experts emphasize that children should not use gadgets for more than an hour a day. Doctors advise parents to closely observe their children for signs of developmental delay, especially between the ages of 1 and 6. PGIMER’s ENT department offers therapies, including speech stimulation, to help affected children.

“Parents need to ensure that children engage in two-way communication and physical activities. Early intervention is key to solving these problems,” said Dr. Munjal.

Tips to help kids unplug

Limit screen time: Children under 6 years of age should not use gadgets for more than an hour a day.

Encourage interaction: Replace screen time with activities that involve communication, such as reading or interactive gaming.

Monitor content: Engage children in age-appropriate activities and avoid addictive platforms such as online games.

Seek help: If signs of speech delay or behavioral problems are noticed, consult a pediatrician or specialist early.